Contents

HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS

PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION OF MULTIEQUATION MODELS
P. Popova, M. Doychinova, Chr. Boyadjiev
e-mail: chboyadj@bas.bg
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Engineering
Keywords: multiequation models, parameter identification, hierarchical approach, fermentation systems, microalgae culture, airlift photobioreactor
Abstract
A very important stage of model development is parameter identification through inverse problem solutions. The kinetics of many chemical, biochemical, photochemical, and catalytic reactions is very complex and as a result the kinetic model consists of many equations and parameters. Model parameter identification in these cases is very difficult because of the multiextremal least square function or because of the fact that some minima are of ravine type. The iterative solution of this problem needs very good initial value approximations for the parameters (in the attraction area of the global minimum) for the minimum searching procedure. A polynomial approximation of the experimental data permits to propose a hierarchical approach for obtaining initial parameters values in the global minimum area, using a consecutive approximations method. The hierarchical approach for parameter identification of multiequation models is tested for two bioprocesses-modeling of fermentation systems and red microalgae growth kinetics. The model parameter values are obtained on the bases of real experimental data
 
FLOW PULSATIONS IN THE REGION OF CHANNEL BRANCHING
N.I.Mikheev, N.S.Dushin, D.I.Zaripov
e-mail: n.miheev@mail.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: self-excited vibrations, vortex generation, forced vibrations, branched channel, resonance, free stream, flow pulsations
Abstract
Experimental data on the amplitudes and characteristic frequencies of pressure pulsations associated with regular vortex generation in the region of the channel branching are presented. Experiments with a short resonance-free blanked-off side branch were carried out. The region of dimensionless frequencies of pressure pulsations connected with vortical structures generation in the branch throat was revealed. The effect of branching region geometry on the amplitude and dimensionless frequency of vortex generation was studied experimentally
 
CAVITATION STEAM GENERATOR FOR DESALINATION PLANT
V.G. Tonkonog, A.G. Kochenkov, S.A. Kusyumov
e-mail: kusok88@yandex.ru
Kasan State Technical University named A.N. Tupolev
Keywords: calculation, desalination, distillation, cavitation, two-phase flows
Abstract

The processes in the vacuum distillation desalination plant steam generator are studied numerically to determine its specific productivity, flow pattern, structure and parameters of the flow. Full modes for different values of steam generator’s inlet and outlet pressure as well as steam generator’s geometric parameters influence on its productivity were also studied. Dimensions of the cavitation flow, liquid and vapor phase volume concentration at the outlet of the steam generator were determined.

 
CALCULATION OF AERODYNAMICS AND HEAT-MASS EXCHANGE FOR A COMBUSTION CHAMBER AND A CONVECTION PART OF A COAL-FIRED BOILER OF T-TYPE CONFIGURATION WITH THE AIM OF INCREASING THE PROCESS EFFICIENCY OF SELECTIVE NON-CATALYTIC NITROGEN OXIDE REDUCTION
M.J. Chernetsky, A.A. Dekterev D.V. Boykov
e-mail: MicCh@yandex.ru
Abstract
In the work a three-dimensional model and the results of aerodynamics and heat-mass exchange calculation for a combustion chamber and a convection part of a coal-fired boiler П-39-IIM have been presented. The presented calculation results for the combustion chamber have shown a significant decrease in the concentration of nitric oxide for the secondary and tertiary air channels. The present model for the convection pass of the coal-fired boiler has enabled us to make a computational experiment to study the influence of shield superheater design and aerodynamic waist for the velocity and temperature of the gases in the zone of denitrification.
 

INDUSTRIAL HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING

MODELS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN A BOUNDARY LAYER AND THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF PACKED APPARATUS
A.G. Laptev*, A.N. Krylovа*, M.M. Basharov**
e-mail: nastyakzn@ya.ru
*Kazan Power-Engineering University, LTD The engineering center on introductions «Ingehim», **LLC «TANEKO»
Keywords: packed contact devices, heat and mass transfer, the efficiency of separation, and energy efficiency
Abstract
The basic theoretical approaches of mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer in packed device at a film mode are considered. The equations for calculating the coefficients of heat and mass transfer for waveless laminar, wave laminar and turbulent films, received on the basis of use of various models of an interface are presented. The results of the calculation of heat and mass transfer characteristics of columns with regular and irregular nozzles are given and they are compared with known experimental data, both for liquid and gas phases. The comparative characteristics of various heat and mass packed contact devices are presented. The data on the energy complex and conclusions for irregular and regular mass-exchange tips are given.
 
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESERCHES OF FREON R-134а BOILING ON SURFACES WITH MINI-RIBS
A.A. Lopatin, V.I. Osipova
e-mail: alekseylopatin@yandex.ru , vero-sun@yandex.ru
Kasan State Technical University named A.N. Tupolev
Keywords: boiling of Freon, convective heat exchange, mini-ribs, thermal flow, temperature pressure
Abstract
The research of boiling of Freon R-134a on surfaces with mini-ribs in conditions of stationary heating is carried out. A series of experiments in wide range of thermal loadings is lead. Essential influence of mini-ribs and heights of injection of Freon on convective heat exchange is revealed. Generalizing equation for convective heat exchange calculation is received.
ANALYSIS OF DESIGN METHODS OF HEAT SUUPPLY SYSTEMS AND THEIR ELEMENTS
E.V. Shamsutdinov, A.Z. Daminov, I.N. Solomin
e-mail: solil1@yandex.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: heat supply system, design methods, modeling, method of calculation
Abstract
The particle presents a review of the methods used in the design of heat supply systems and their elements. Analysis of several models describing the processes occurring in the pipelines of heat supply network is carried out. A new approach to designing of the heat supply system, characterized by the structural division into hierarchical levels and comprehensive analysis of the elements of the system at the considered levels is brought forward.

POWER GENERATION STATIONS

CALCULATION OF THERMOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS OF COMBINED COOLING TOWERS
V.L.Fedyaev*, I.V.Morenko*, V.I.Bogatkin**
e-mail: morenko@mail.knc.ru
*Institute of Mechanics and Engineering, Kazan Science Center, the Russian Academy of Sciences, **PF Joint-Stock Company «Association VNIPIENERGOPROM»
Keywords: cooling of the circulation water, combined cooling towers, thermotechnical calculation
Abstract
Air flow is realized due to the action of the water drops and natural draft in the combined cooling towers. To estimate the air velocity in the given cooling towers and cooled water temperature an approach is suggested. According to this approach, first, under certain assumptions there is force of the water drops, acting on the air and then the water drop temperature is calculated on the ascending parts of the trajectories. Then the average air velocity, water temperature at the exit is calculated by known procedures. Finally the problem of turbulent motion of air in the cooling tower is solved and the velocity and pressure fields are determined. 
AUTOMATIC TEST STATION FOR WATER QUALITY IN BAROMEMBRANE INSTALLATIONS DURING WATER PREPARATION PROCESS AT ZAINSKY STATE DISTRICT POWER STATION
N.D.Chichirova, А.А.Chichirov, А.M. Hazeev, А.А.Korovkin
e-mail: ndchichirova@mail.ru
The Kazan state power engineering university
Keywords: automatic test station, available chlorine analyzer, pH-instrument
Abstract
The scheme is developed for optimum mode maintenance of preclearing and pollution prevention of membrane elements of water preparatory installation at the Zainsky state district power station and the automatic test station including turbidimeter, available chlorine analyzer, pH-instrument is established. The results of monitoring of water components polluting membranes are given.

POWER AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REPAIR TECHNOLOGIES OF RIVET ATTACHMENT FOR STEAM TURBINE DISCS
R.A. Sitdikov
e-mail: axbt32@mail.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: drive turbines, the finite element method, contact problem, durability, repair of turbine disk
Abstract
The paper under study covers the problem of the development and justification of repair technologies for rivet attachment of a blade to a steam turbine disc taking into account the stress-strain state parameters. Recommendations for the 20th, 21st and 22th stages of a T-100/120-130 turbine on the optimal variant of repair technology providing with maximal residual life of a nozzled steam turbine disc are given.

ECONOMICS, ECOLOGY, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES IN POWER ENGINEERING

MODELLING OF THERMAL PROCESSES IN LITHIUM ION ACCUMULATOR BATTERIES FOR SPACE PURPOSE IN CASE OF FAILURE OF ONE OF THE ACCUMULATORS
Z.M.Blednova*, V.J.Lapshin**, N.A. Protsenko*
e-mail: blednova@mail.ru
*Kuban State University of Technology **Open Society “Saturn” (Krasnodar, Russia)

Keywords: lithium ion accumulator battery, space vehicle, bypass device, technological failures, numerical modeling, thermal processes, model of power balance

Abstract
Results of thermal processes modeling in lithium ion accumulator battery of space purpose in case of failure of one of the accumulators are given. It is established that the most critical element of design is born area of lithium ion accumulator in the volume of which there is a thermal emission at the expense of short circuit; for reasons of lithium ion accumulator malfunction localization admissible temperature of a wire in born area Тmax = 100°С to which operation time of 2-3 seconds of bypass devices corresponds is given. Received data on bypass device response time and temperature distribution in case of failure of one of the accumulators in the process of thermal processes modeling in lithium ion accumulator batteries allow to choose material with shape memory effect (SME) for elastic element of bypass device, to fulfil its manufacturing techniques and solve the problem of optimal position of bypass device in lithium ion accumulator battery.