Transactions of Academenergo 2012 №1

RESEARCH OF FLOW STRUCTURE IN A SMOOTH CHANNEL AT PULSATILE FLOW REGIMES BY PIV-MEASUREMENTS
A.E. Goltsman, I.A. Davletshin, A.A.Paereliy

e-mail: an116ya@mail.ru

Keywords: PIV- measurements, flow pulsation, kinematic structure

PIV-measurements on special design experimental setup were performed, wherewith of instantaneous velocity and vorticity fields in smooth pipe at pulsatile flow regimes have been obtained. Statistical experimental data manipulation has been carried out and therefrom velocity, pulsations and Reynolds stress profiles have been plotted. Data on kinematic flow structure in defined phases of superimposed pulsations have been obtained. Some peculiarities and distinctive features of pulsatile flow have been revealed.

Yu.F.Gortyshov*, I.A.Popov *, N.N.Zubkov **, S.I.Kaskov **, A.V.Sñhelchkov*

e-mail: popov-igor-alex@mail.ru

Keywords: boiling, heat transfer, boiling crisis, enhancement

Experimental study results of boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux on microstructured surfaces are presented. Surfaces are gained by the method of deforming cutting and have various constructive shapes and sizes. The enhancement of heat transfer to 9 times in comparison with a smooth surface is reached. The increasing of critical heat flux has made 4,1 times. Physical model bases of enhanced boiling heat transfer are given.

O.Yu. Kuleshov, V.M. Sedelkin

e-mail: o-yu-kul@yandex.ru , eti@ techn.sstu.ru

Keywords: radiative-convective heat transfer; calculational zoning method; local characteristics of heat transfer; statistical modeling of radiation; tube-wall combustion chambers; heating variation of tube perimeter

The numerical method for calculation of local characteristics of radiative-convective heat transfer within resolvent zoning approach to calculation of combustion chambers of furnaces and boilers is developed. The method enables to specify the characteristics of resultant heat transfer in case of geometrically complex heating surface irradiated unevenly that is realized by additional calculation of local generalized angle factors using statistical modeling of radiation. On this basis a calculational technique for local heat flux along the tubes’ perimeter in combustion chambers of tube furnaces and boilers is developed. The calculational technique is tested on real tube furnace of gas industry.

H.A. Khalaf*, F.Kh. Tazyukov**, K.M. Aliev**

e-mail: eng.hussam@mail.ru , tazyukov@mail.ru

* Dhi Qar University, Dhi Qar, Iraq; ** Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia

Keywords: SIMPLE algorithm, finite volume method, the generalized Newtonian fluid, asymmetric flow, sudden expansion channel

The analysis of stability for symmetric mode of flow of generalized Newtonian fluid in a plane channel with expansion ratio 1:3 is studied.  Results show the solution of bifurcation, as well as the distribution of velocity, stream function, pressure and stress in the flow domain. The influence of non-Newtonian index (n) and Reynolds number (Re) on the stability of symmetric and asymmetric shapes of the flow are shown.

S.I.Islamova

e-mail: isvetulia@mail.ru

Keywords: petrochemistry, energy-saving, utilization, low-potential secondary energy resources, economic estimation.

In this work the economic efficiency estimation of the developed system of low-potential secondary energy resources utilization of gas separation scheme in ethylene production is presented. The description and operating procedure of utilization system is given. The basic stages of the economic efficiency estimation included the evaluation of a capital expenditure, resulted expenses, annual operating costs and a pay-off period.

A.G.Laptev*, T.M.Farahov**, M.M.Basharov ***

e-mail: tvt_kgeu@mail.ru

Keywords: hydrodynamics of the packing, heat and mass transfer, separation of mixtures, turbulent transport

One-and two-dimensional model of turbulent transport of momentum, mass, energy in the gas phase in the columns packed with layers is presented in the paper. For this purpose a system of partial differential equations was used. Accounting for the second phase (a liquid one) is made from bulk sources of momentum, mass and heat. Expressions for the source terms and the turbulent viscosity coefficient in a packed bed are given. The results of calculation of the mixtures separation efficiency with the use of a height equivalent to one theoretical stage at rectification are given. These results were compared with the known experimental data. The findings can be considered satisfactory.

M.E. Orlov

e-mail: mio@ulstu.rumio@ulstu.ru

Keywords: cogeneration systems of urban areas, energy efficiency increasing, improvement of the structure, technologies of the energy saving, reduction of potential fuel expenses

The main conditions of the cogeneration systems in urban areas are analysed and projects of their further development are considered. Energy efficient technologies of cogeneration systems which allow to reduce the expenses of fuel-energy resources for their usage are designed.

A.A.Chichirov,N.D.Chichirova,M.A.Volkov,S.M.Vlasov

e-mail: ndchichirova@mail.ru , volkov2485@yandex.ru

Keywords: circulating cooling system, cooling tower, condensers of turbines, reagents, adjournment

The mechanism of inhibition of mineral sediments was considered in the paper. Such types of inhibitors as organophosphonates, polycarboxylates, biocides, complex substances for erosion prevention and sediment control in the water system with cooling towers at thermal power stations are presented. Their chemical and structural formulas are given. The application of integrated water treatment system of technical water supply with cooling towers at thermal power stations is demonstrated. The economic indicators of the inhibitors application to prevent sediments are shown.

S.Yu. Kislova, V.N.Shlyannikov

e-mail: svetlana_kislova@mail.ru

Keywords: inclined crack, stress fields, mode mixity parameters, biaxial loading, fracture test specimens

On the basis of numerical solutions of elastic and plastic problems for the most popular specimens in experimental fracture mechanics the dependencies between generalized mixed mode parameters are determined. Subjects for studies appeared to be a cruciform specimen under biaxial loading, a center cracked plate and a compact tension-shear specimen. By means of different combinations of loading conditions and initial straightline crack orientation full range of mixed mode fracture from pure mode I to pure mode II is realized. It is stated that dependencies between elastic and plastic mode mixity parameters for specimens of each geometry are invariant with respect to dimensionless crack length.

R.Z.Aminov*, A.N.Bajramov*, A.N.Egorov**

e-mail: oepran@inbox.ru, whiteseoman@gmail.com

Keywords:hydrogen, oxygen, the schedule of electric loadings, electrolysis installation, the cost price, hydrogen-oxygen a steam and gas generator, the compressor, nuclear power plants

Implementation of the steam-hydrogen cycle at the NPP requires the solution of optimization problems, concerning the operation of electrolysis plants. As a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of implementation of the steam-hydrogen cycle at the NPP was selected as the cost of the generated peak electrical energy. Reference to the use of steam-turbine hydrogen cycle, based on the varying conditions of off-peak electricity from NPP, the dependence of the cost of the derived peak electricity on the duration of its production is determined. By reducing the duration of peak electricity production and increasing the duration of electrolysis plants, as well as increased unit capacity electrolysis plants reached the lowest cost of peak power and a significant advantage in comparison with the pumped-storage station.

R.N.Gataullin, J.I.Kravtsov, E.A.Marfin

e-mail: rustem.acadrome@mail.ru

Keywords: nanotechnologies, an oil recovery, scavenger oil reserves, wave influence, a productive layer, factor of oil extraction

In this article a modern condition of nanotechnologies application in a petroleum industry and ways to solve the problem of increasing the final oil-recovery factor is considered. A great attention is paid to methods of physical fields influence on collector properties of hydrocarbon accumulations, in particular on scavenger oil reserves carried out on nanolevel. It gives an opportunity to achieve a supertotal aftereffect in combination with other methods of oil recovery increasing. Thus the problem being solved consists in the development of a method for controlling the process of influence on structure and condition of the oil and its environment.