| HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS |
Modelling of mass transfer effects in heterogeneous biocatalytic systems – SOME EXAMPLES
V.N. Beschkov
bioreac@bas.bg
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
Abstract
Mass transfer effect models in heterogeneous biocatalytic systems are presented in the cases of product inhibition (lactic acid fermentation), substrate inhibition (gluconic acid production) and autocatalytic process (sorbitol/sorbose biotransformation).
INTERIOR HEAT EXCHANGE AND RESISTANCE OF a HIGHLY POROUS BODY
Yu.A. Kirsanov*, R.A. Nazipov*, E.I. Ivanova*, V.А. Danilov**
kirsanov-yury@mail.ru
*Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
** Kazan State Power Engineering University (КSPEU)
Key words: highly porous body, mathematical model, geometry, heat exchange, resistance, heat efficiency
Abstract
The article is devoted to the research of interior heat exchange and resistance of cylindrical highly porous cellular material (HPCM) samples. Measuring a heat-transfer coefficient was carried out experimentally with the use of mathematical models for a porous body geometrical structure, thermal properties of the skeleton and a heat carrier in a porous body and thermal processes in a cylindrical porous body.
solution of transfer PROBLEMs at LINEAR DEPENDENCE OF thermal and physical characteristics on Main VARIABLES
R.A. Sadykov*, N.Sh. Miftahutdinov**
sadykov_r_a@mail.ru, mnail@list.ru
*Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering
**Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: heat, mass, power, solution, transfer potential
In high-intensity processes transfer potentials within a small period of time can undergo significant modifications. We observe it in many thermal and diffusion processes, in problems of gas filtration in porous medium, chemical transformations, iron and steel industry, the aviation and space technology and etc. Considering transfer phenomena which takes place within a wide interval of potentials modification is related to necessity of the account of transfer coefficients association from corresponding potentials. In these conditions substance and heat streams become non-linear, and finding of fields of transfer potentials is related to a solution of non-linear differential equations of transfer [1].
GRADIENT SENSORS FOR HEAT FLUX MEASUREMENT: IDEA AND SOME RESULTS
S.Z. Sapozhnikov, V.Yu. Mityakov, A.V. Mityakov
serg.sapozhnikov@mail.ru, mitvlad@mail.ru, mitiakov@mail.ru
Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Keywords: heat flux, gradient sensor, anisotropic thermoelement, thermopower, boiling furnace
Abstract
New methods to measure local heat flux per unit area are proposed. A new class of heterogeneous gradient heat flux sensors (HGHFSs) based on the transverse Seebeck effect is presented. The theory of HGHFSs, their design, and application in boiler technology are described. For the first time, gradient heat flux measurements have been made in the furnace of the industrial boiler
ON THE SO2 PROBLEM IN POWER ENGINEERING
Chr. Boyadjiev, M. Doichinova, P. Popova
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
Sofia 1113, Bl.103, Bulgaria
Keywords: SO2 absorption, alkaline absorbents, two-phase absorbents, packed bed columns, irreversible chemical reactions, process mechanism, mathematical model, absorption kinetics, qualitative analysis, diffusion type of model, average concentration model.
Abstract
A theoretical analysis of SO2 absorption with alkaline absorbents in packed bed columns is presented in the cases of mono- and two-phases absorbents. The absorption kinetics in the cases of irreversible chemical reactions is analyzed on the base of a qualitative analysis of the mathematical model. Diffusion type of model and average concentration model are used for modeling of gas absorption in column apparatuses.
| POWER GENERATION STATIONS |
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF TECHNICAL WATER SUPPLY OPERATION WITH COOLING TOWERS AT the NABEREZHNOCHELNINSKY POWER STATION
N.D. Chichirova, A.A. Chichirov, S.M. Vlasov
ndchichirova@mail.ru, pinpin3@yandex.ru, wolf1742@rambler.ru
Kazan State Power Engineering University
Key words: power station, cooling towers, computer program, sediment.
Abstract
A brief description of the Naberezhnochelninsky power station has been presented in the paper. Application of integrated water treatment system of technical water supply with cooling towers at the thermal power station was demonstrated. Economic indicators in the application of inhibitors such as organophosphonates, polycarboxylates, biocides and complex substances for preventing sediment in water systems with cooling towers at the thermal power station were presented. The analysis of the circulating cooling system (CCS) was conducted. A computer program for CCS to calculate the main material flow, a physical-chemical and biological process has been worked out.
THE CONCEPT OF BETTER REGULATION OF THE LOAD IN THE DOMESTIC HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS
P.V. Rotov, М.Е. Orlov, V.I. Sharapov
p.rotov@rambler.ru, mio@ulstu.ru, vlad-sharapov2008@yandex.ru
The Ulyanovsk state technical university
Key words: centralized heat supply systems, regulation of thermal loading, temperature graph, increasing of energy efficiency.
Abstract
The main mode characteristics of the existing centralized heat supply systems of cities were analyzed, the principles of the heat load’s combined regulation of the heat supply systems were formulated, energy efficient technologies of the compensation of the temperature graph’s break were proposed.
| ECONOMICS, ECOLOGY, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES POWER ENGINEERING |
INFLUENCE OF THE CHARACTER OF BREATHING ON SELF-CLEANING EFFECTS IN the AIRWAYS of THE LUNGs
Fedosenko, A. Iatcenko
fedosenko_n@mail.ru, anuta_sf_18@mail.ru
St.Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Key words: lung, unsteady flow, network system, channel, numerical simulation, deformable wall, breathing, self-cleaning effects, lagrangian approach
Abstract
This work focuses on the lung modeling. Human lung is a very intriguing subject to investigate. Obtained results may be used for prediction of lung diseases, development of respiratory ventilation, anesthesia simulator or other air drag delivery systems.
It is well known that the atmosphere of a modern city is strongly polluted with various solid particles. So, it becomes reasonable to model particles motion inside the human lungs.
For all these purposes an adequate model which will describe temporal and space properties of the human respiratory system is required.
the INFLUENCE of mechanical STIRRING on the efficiency of anaerobic Digestion
Yu.V. Karaeva
julieenergy@list.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: biogas, stirring, non-stationary process.
Abstract
Stirring of substratum is one of the most important factors influencing biogas production in an anaerobic reactor. A mathematical model describing the process of mechanical stirring in the reactor is developed. The mechanical stirring of substratum in the digester by stirrers is considered. Numerical studies for various types of stirrers are carried out.