HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS
MODELLING OF MASS TRANSFER EFFECTS IN HETEROGENEOUS BIOCATALYTIC SYSTEMS – SOME EXAMPLES
V.N. Beschkov
e-mail: bioreac@bas.bg
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
Keywords: heterogeneous biocatalytic systems,autocatalytic process,substrate inhibition
Abstract
Mass transfer effect models in heterogeneous biocatalytic systems are presented in the cases of product inhibition (lactic acid fermentation), substrate inhibition (gluconic acid production) and autocatalytic process (sorbitol/sorbose biotransformation).
INTERIOR HEAT EXCHANGE AND RESISTANCE OF A HIGHLY POROUS BODY
Yu.A. Kirsanov*, R.A. Nazipov*, E.I. Ivanova*, V.А. Danilov**
e-mail: kirsanov-yury@mail.ru
*Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences,** Kazan State Power Engineering University (КSPEU)
Keywords: highly porous body, mathematical model, geometry, heat exchange, resistance, heat efficiency
Abstract
The article is devoted to the research of interior heat exchange and resistance of cylindrical highly porous cellular material (HPCM) samples. Measuring a heat-transfer coefficient was carried out experimentally with the use of mathematical models for a porous body geometrical structure, thermal properties of the skeleton and a heat carrier in a porous body and thermal processes in a cylindrical porous body.
SOLUTION OF TRANSFER PROBLEMS AT LINEAR DEPENDENCE OF THERMAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON MAIN VARIABLES
R.A. Sadykov*, N.Sh. Miftahutdinov**
e-mail: sadykov_r_a@mail.ru , mnail@list.ru
*Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: heat, mass, power, solution, transfer potential
Abstract
In high-intensity processes condition parameters – transfer potentials, might change considerably in a short time interval. This is a common problem in many heat and diffusive processes, in the process of a gas filtration in porous environment, chemical transformation, as well as in the metallurgical and power industries, the aviation and space technologies, ect. Definition of the transfer process occurring on a large scale of potential change has to account for dependencies of transfer factor on the potentials involved. In the conditions substance and heat streams become nonlinear, and the determination of the transfer potentials field involves solution of a nonlinear transfer differentials equations. In this article heat and mass transfer equations are considered in a nonlinear setting, as the majority of thermo-physical characteristics linearly depend on transfer differentials, or more specifically temperature, humidity, concentration or pressure. Algorithm for the solution of this king of equation’s is offered under various conditions of unambiguity.
GRADIENT SENSORS FOR HEAT FLUX MEASUREMENT: IDEA AND SOME RESULTS
S.Z. Sapozhnikov, V.Yu. Mityakov, A.V. Mityakov
e-mail: chboyadj@bas.bg
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,Sofia 1113, Bl.103, Bulgaria
Keywords: SO2 absorption, alkaline absorbents, two-phase absorbents, packed bed columns, irreversible chemical reactions, process mechanism, mathematical model, absorption kinetics, qualitative analysis, diffusion type of model, average concentration model.
Abstract
A theoretical analysis of SO2 absorption with alkaline absorbents in packed bed columns is presented in the cases of mono- and two-phases absorbents. The absorption kinetics in the cases of irreversible chemical reactions is analyzed on the base of a qualitative analysis of the mathematical model. Diffusion type of model and average concentration model are used for modeling of gas absorption in column apparatuses.
INDUSTRIAL HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING
ON THE SO2 PROBLEM IN POWER ENGINEERING
Boyadjiev Chr., Doichinova M., Popova P.
e-mail: chboyadj@bas.bg
Keywords: SO2 absorption, alkaline absorbents, two-phase absorbents, packed bed columns, irreversible chemical reactions, process mechanism, mathematical model, absorption kinetics, qualitative analysis, diffusion type of model, average concentration model
Abstract
A theoretical analysis of SO2 absorption with alkaline absorbents in packed bed columns is presented in the cases of mono- and two-phases absorbents. The absorption kinetics in the cases of irreversible chemical reactions is analyzed on the base of a qualitative analysis of the mathematical model. Diffusion type of model and average concentration model are used for modeling of gas absorption in column apparatuses.
POWER GENERATION STATIONS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF TECHNICAL WATER SUPPLY OPERATION WITH COOLING TOWERS AT THE NABEREZHNOCHELNINSKY POWER STATION
N.D. Chichirova, A.A. Chichirov, S.M. Vlasov
e-mail: ndchichirova@mail.ru , pinpin3@yandex.ru , wolf1742@rambler.ru
Kazan State Power Engineering University
Keywords: power station, cooling towers, computer program, sediment
Abstract
A brief description of the Naberezhnochelninsky power station has been presented in the paper. Application of integrated water treatment system of technical water supply with cooling towers at the thermal power station was demonstrated. Economic indicators in the application of inhibitors such as organophosphonates, polycarboxylates, biocides and complex substances for preventing sediment in water systems with cooling towers at the thermal power station were presented. The analysis of the circulating cooling system (CCS) was conducted. A computer program for CCS to calculate the main material flow, a physical-chemical and biological process has been worked out.
THE CONCEPT OF BETTER REGULATION OF THE LOAD IN THE DOMESTIC HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS
P.V. Rotov, М.Е. Orlov, V.I. Sharapov
e-mail: p.rotov@rambler.ru , mio@ulstu.ru , vlad-sharapov2008@yandex.ru
Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Keywords: centralized heat supply systems, regulation of thermal loading, temperature graph, increasing of energy efficiency.
Abstract
The main mode characteristics of the existing centralized heat supply systems of cities were analyzed, the principles of the heat load’s combined regulation of the heat supply systems were formulated, energy efficient technologies of the compensation of the temperature graph’s break were proposed.
ECONOMICS, ECOLOGY, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES POWER ENGINEERING
INFLUENCE OF THE CHARACTER OF BREATHING ON SELF-CLEANING EFFECTS IN THE AIRWAYS OF THE LUNGS
N. Fedosenko, A. Iatcenko
e-mail: fedosenko_n@mail.ru , anuta_sf_18@mail.ru
St.Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Keywords: lung, unsteady flow, network system, channel, numerical simulation, deformable wall, breathing, self-cleaning effects, lagrangian approach
Abstract
This work focuses on the lung modeling. Human lung is a very intriguing subject to investigate. Obtained results may be used for prediction of lung diseases, development of respiratory ventilation, anesthesia simulator or other air drag delivery systems.It is well known that the atmosphere of a modern city is strongly polluted with various solid particles. So, it becomes reasonable to model particles motion inside the human lungs.For all these purposes an adequate model which will describe temporal and space properties of the human respiratory system is required.
THE INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL STIRRING ON THE EFFICIENCY OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
Yu.V. Karaeva
e-mail: julieenergy@list.ru
Keywords: biogas, stirring, non-stationary process
Abstract
Stirring of substratum is one of the most important factors influencing biogas production in an anaerobic reactor. A mathematical model describing the process of mechanical stirring in the reactor is developed. The mechanical stirring of substratum in the digester by stirrers is considered. Numerical studies for various types of stirrers are carried out.
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