HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS

THE INFLUENCE OF SWIRL FLOW ON FLOW CHARACTERISTICS IN CURVED TUBE // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 7 – 16.
A.I. Kadijrov, E.K. Vatchagina
e-mail: aidarik@rambler.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: the curved channel, the insert, the coefficient of local resistance, the laminar flow, the numerical investigation, the heat transfer agent
Abstract
Three-dimensional steady laminar flow of heat transfer agent in the curved channel with an upstream insert is investigated. The radius of curvature changes from R=1D to R=4D. The numerical investigation results carried out in the package ComsolMultiphysics 3.5 are presented. The resistance value dependence on Reynolds number for reviewed cases is established.

THE METHOD AND RESULTS OF THE K-Ε TURBULENCE MODEL PARAMETERS ESTIMATION ON THE BASIS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL VELOCITY FIELDS // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 17 – 25.
N.I. Mikheev, I.I. Saushin
e-mail: n.miheev@mail.ru , ilyasaushin@mail.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: the turbulence model, Computational Fluid Dynamic, turbulence model parameters, flow velocity fields, optical methods of velocity measurement, the turbulent boundary layer.
Abstract
An estimation method of k-ε turbulence model empirical parameters using experimental flow velocity fields based on the quantitative optical velocity measurement methods is presented. k and ε are determined using oscillograms of the velocity vector components at every point of space. The empirical parameters of the turbulence model are determined with the help of the least squares method. The model is formulated with the aid of differential equations for k и ε. It is shown that the use of the new parameters values in a commercial CFD package provides better agreement with the experimental data in comparison with the standard values.

NUMERICAL STUDY OF SPECIAL DEVICES FOR SUPPRESSION OF LOW-FREQUENCY PRESSURE PULSATIONS IN HYDRO TURBINE DRAFT TUBE // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 26 – 40.
G.A. Semenov, A.Yu. Smirnova, A.A. Dekterev, A.V. Minakov, A.V. Sentyabov
e-mail: semenov_GA@lmz.power-m.rus , smirnova_ay@lmz.power-m.ru , dekterev@mail.ru , tov-andrey@yandex.ru , sentyabov_a_v@mail.ru
*Power Machines/LMZ, St.-Petersburg
**Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk
***Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk
Keywords: hydro turbine, numerical simulation, pressure pulsations, vortex rope precession, stabilizing devices.
Abstract
The numerical investigation of flow-induced pulsations in a hydro turbine draft tube was made. Effects of such special devices as fins, cross-piece and runner cone modifications upon unsteady flow were considered. The vortex rope precession in the draft tube flow is shown. Computational spectra of pressure pulsations agree with the experimental results. A choice of optimal flow stabilization devices for the hydro turbine draft tube was made.

POWER GENERATION STATIONS

FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD ON THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT WITH HYDROGEN SUPERSTRUCTURES. PROBLEM ANALYSIS AND WAYS OF PROBLEM SOLUTIONS // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 41 – 51.
R.Z. Aminov, V.A. Khroustalev, A.V. Portyankin
e-mail: oepran@inbox.ru
* Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
** Saratov Y. A. Gagarin State Technical University
Keywords: the nuclear power plant, hydrogen superstructures, explosions, fires, damages, risks.
Abstract
In the article the fire and explosion hazard assessment in case of the hydrogen superstructures application on the actual and anticipated power-generating units of nuclear power plant is presented.

THE EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF WATER PRE-TREATMENT THROUGH PRESSURE-MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY OF PURE AND CHEMICALLY TREATED WATER PRODUCTION AT THERMAL POWER PLANTS // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 52 – 60.
A.A. Girfanov, A.G. Filimonov, A.A. Chichirov, N.D. Chichirova, L.I. Gaijnutdinova
e-mail: pinpin3@yandex.ru
Kazan State Power Engineering University
Keywords: humic and fulvic acids, thermodynamic modeling of chemical equilibria, pre-treatment of water, coagulation with aluminum salts, thermal power plants, water treatment with baromembrane plants.
Abstract
The specific requirements for water pre-treatment efficiency are imposed in the modern methods of water treatment based on microfiltration – reverse osmosis – ion exchange scheme membrane technology. The paper presents the thermodynamic calculation of physico-chemical processes in the aluminum salts coagulation of natural water source using the developed application. In the calculations the complexation reactions with humic and fulvic acids present in natural water were taken into account. The optimal range of Al(OH)3 sediment existence depending on the chemical water composition is defined and recommendations on pre-treatment conducting are given.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF ION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES FOR THE PROCESS OF DIFFUSION-DIALYSIS SEPARATION OF SOLE-ALKALINE SOLUTIONS // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 61 – 69.
N.D. Chichirova, A.A. Chichirov, A.I. Ljapin, S.S. Paijmin
e-mail: ndchichirova@mail.ru
Kazan State Power Engineering University
Keywords: electro membrane technology, ion-selective membranes, physical and chemical characteristics, thermal power plants.
Abstract
The experimental studies results of physical and chemical characteristics and mass transfer properties of heterogeneous ion-selective membranes of domestic and foreign production are presented. The experimental data analysis of practically important properties of ion-exchange membranes: resizing and swelling in solutions, the exchange capacity, coefficients of diffusion membrane permeability and separation selectivity of the salt and alkaline solutions is carried out. The results of experimental studies allow selecting membranes for the electro membrane utilization process of highly mineralized liquid alkali waste of heat power plants.

POWER – AND – MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SPECIMENS FOR TESTING UNDER CYCLIC BIAXIAL LOADING // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 70 – 79.
V.N. Shlyannikov, A.P. Zakharov
e-mail: shlyannikov@mail.ru , alex.zakharov88@mail.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: the cruciform specimen, crack growth rate, biaxial stress ratio, biaxial loading
Abstract
Optimization of specimen shape for experimental studies of crack growth rate under biaxial loading is the main methodological matter. In this paper typical specimens for testing under biaxial stresses are considered. FEM was used to estimate the stress state within working zone in various cruciform specimens. As a result the optimal shape of cruciform specimen for crack growth rate study under variable biaxial stress ratio was proved.

THE ELASTIC AND PLASTIC CONSTRAINT PARAMETERS FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 80 – 92.
V.N. Shlyannikov, T. Meshii, N.V. Boychenko
e-mail: shlyannikov@mail.ru
* Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
**University of Fukui, Japan
Keywords: constraint, T-stress, in-plane and out-of-plane constraint, constraint factor, elastic stress intensity factor, plastic stress intensity factor, fracture damage zone, integration constant.
Abstract
Constraint effects in the most popular specimens of fracture mechanics are analyzed on the base on experimental and numerical studies. Characterization of constraint effects in terms of: non-singular T-stress, parameter In, plastic intensity factor Kp, the fracture process zone size is investigated. The influence of the geometric parameters, initial crack length on the behavior of constraint factors are considered. Particular attention to the constraint effects analysis through thickness of the specimens is paid. A comparative analysis of the elastic and plastic constraint parameters is performed. The applicability of the plastic stress intensity factor to analysis of the in-plane and out-of-plane constraint effect is also discussed.

ECONOMICS, ECOLOGY, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES IN POWER ENGINEERING

HYDRAULIC MIXING OF A DISTILLERY STILLAGE IN THE ANAEROBIC DIGESTER // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 93 – 102.
Yu.V. Karaeva, G.H. Kamaleeva
e-mail: julieenergy@list.ru
Research Center for Power Engineering Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: the anaerobic digester, hydraulic mixing, the distillery dreg, filter cake, viscosity, numerical simulation.
Abstract
An experimental study of the distillery dreg dynamic viscosity with solids concentration of 12% (range of temperatures from 350C to 600C) and the filter cake with a dry matter concentration 38% (range of temperatures from 250C to 550C) depending on the temperature and shear rate was carried out. Using the obtained data the modified and conventional techniques of hydraulic mixing of distillery dreg in the digester are numerically investigated. When using the new hydraulic mixing system of the distillery dreg the biogas output increased by 35%.

THE AUTOMATED PHASED CALCULATION METHOD OF CONSUMED POWER COST // Transactions of Academenergo. -2013. -N 2. –P. 103 – 115.
I.N. Phomin
e-mail: Ignik16@yandex.ru
Keywords: the meter-to-cash system, business process, work flow, information flow
Abstract
This article describes results of the energy retail companies research and carries out a systematic analysis in order to create the concept of the meter-to-cash system, which provides the scientific basis for design and development of automated systems on different platforms with the primary functional automation at power retail enterprises.