HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS
A.V. Shchelchkov, I.A.Popov, I.R. Gabdrakhmanov, D.V. Ryzhkov
THERMAL-HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHANNELS WITH A CYLINDRICALLY SHAPED CAVITIES // Transactions of Academenergo. -2015. -N 2. –P.7-17.
e-mail: lexa_kzn@mail.ru, popov-igor-alex@yandex.ru, turkeesh@yandex.ru, dv-r@ya.ru
Kazan National Research Technical University KNRTU-KAI
Keywords: heat transfer, friction factor, flow mode, heat transfer enhancement, cylindrical cavity
Abstract
The article presents the results of an experimental study of the heat transfer and friction factor in the laminar, transitional and turbulent flow in a flat channel with one-sided cylindrical cavities. The possibility of increasing the intensity of heat transfer up to 36% is presented. The results of experiments are compared with the S. A. Isaev’s numerical calculations. There is a good agreement of the experimental results and numerical calculations.
INDUSTRIAL HEAT-AND-POWER ENGINEERING
A.A.Tsynaeva*, E.A.Tsynaeva**
THERMAL STRATIFICATION OF CASES AAND DIRECT CONVERSION // Transactions of Academenergo. -2015. -N 2. –P.18-26.
e-mail: a.tsinaeva@rambler.ru, tsinaeva-kate@rambler.ru
*Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Samara
**Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk
Keywords: gasdynamic thermal stratification, the vortex effect of temperature stratification, direct energy conversion, the Peltier effect, thermoelectric generator, the study.
Abstract
The possibilities of using temperature stratification (TS) of gas for devices with direct energy conversion are investigated. Trade-offs of TS based devices (Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube and Leontiev pipe of temperature stratification) are considered. The data on temperature differences in TS devices are presented. TS based device for direct energy conversion (supersonic vortex tube and Leontiev pipe of temperature stratification) is suggested. Expected performance characteristics for TS based thermoelectric generators were calculated. The efficiency of this thermoelectric generators is determined by the operational characteristics of the vortex tube and Leontiev pipe.
POWER GENERATION STATIONS
V.I. Sharapov
METHOD OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT FOR STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THERMAL SCHEMES OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS
// Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N2. –P.27-37.
e-mail: vlad-sharapov2008@yandex.ru
Ulyanovsk State Technical University
Keywords: thermal power plants, thermal schemes, structural and regime changes, energy efficiency, method of assessment, electricity generation at thermal consumption.
Abstract
The article describes methods of calculating the energy efficiency of structural and regime changes in the thermal schemes and technologies of thermal power plants. It has been shown that the criterion of energy efficiency structural and regime changes of thermal schemes should be fuel efficiency, ie, the impact of improvements on consumption of fuel at thermal power stations. It is noted that the assessment of the energy efficiency specific improvement of a technology works Thermal power plants, including rapid assessment should be based on sound physical principles and on understandable methodology. As a basis method of calculating energy efficiency technologies work of thermal power plants use the most theoretically sound «physical» method of cost allocation of fuel between the production of heat and electricity. It is shown that at the assessment of the thermal efficiency of structural and regime changes is very important to accounting dispatching schedule of the power plant, that is, fixity electrical load, or the ability to issue electric power to the power system. It was suggested to calculate energy efficiency indicators mainly by method specific power generation at the heat consumption by steam extraction for heating the coolant in the thermal circuit of a thermal power station. Emphasizing that the calculation of the energy efficiency of structural and regime changes associated with changes in the power generation at thermal consumption, and a corresponding change in enthalpy and flow of steam selections, required accounting changes the flow of steam and fuel in boilers. The article describes options for improving thermal scheme of a turbine of a thermal power station associated with changes in the electric power turbo-generators, developed in the heat consumption, and with the introduction in the thermal circuit of the additional, previously unused heat flows.
POWER AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
N.V. Boychenko
POROSITY MODELS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N2. –P.38-46.
e-mail: nataboi@ya.ru
Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model, ductile fracture, void, porosity.
Abstract
A shot review of the most famous models for behavior of a porous medium is performed. Different methods both analytical and numerical can be used to analyze the micromechanical behavior of materials containing voids. The Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model has been more often used in recent years. Some peculiarities of Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model application to fracture mechanics are described.
A.V. Tumanov
DETERMINATION OF COHESIVE MODEL PARAMETERS FOR STEEL 34Х1MF // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N 2. – P.47-60.
e-mail: tymanoff@rambler.ru
Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: cohesive model, cohesive stress, traction-separation law, finite element analysis.
Abstract
A numerical-experimental algorithm of the bilinear cohesive model parameters determination is presented. The critical parameters of the bilinear traction-separation law were obtained for the steel 34Х1MФ (In Russia). A finite element simulation of crack propagation for V-notched compact tension specimen is produced. A high degree of correlation of the experiment and numerical simulation was reached.
V.N. Shlyannikov, N.V. Boychenko, A.V. Tumanov
PLASTIC STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR DETERMINATION FOR PLATE WITH A SURFACE FLAW UNDER TENSION AND BENDING // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N 2. – Р.61-73.
e-mail: shlyannikov@mail.ru
Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: plastic stress intensity factor, In-integral, surface flaw, constraint, tension, bend
Absrtract
Surface crack growth under tension and bending is studied through experiments and computations for aluminium alloy D16T. Subject for studies is central notched specimens with external semi-elliptical surface crack for two types of initial notch.
For the experimental surface crack paths in tested specimens the T-stress, the local triaxiality parameter h, the out-of-plane TZ factor, In-integral and plastic stress intensity factor were calculated as a function of aspect ratio by finite element analysis. It is stated that the elastic-plastic stress intensity factor is attractive as the self-dependent unified parameter for characterization of the material fracture resistance properties for semi-elliptical defects.
ECONOMICS, ECOLOGY, INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROCESSES IN POWER ENGINEERING
E.R. Akhmetov, R.A. Molchanova, S.Z. Fayrushin, I.R. Baykov
IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES FOR RIVERS, FOREST BIOMASS AND ANIMAL WASTE PRODUCTION PLANTS ON EXAMPLES IN THE BASHKORTOSTAN REPUBLIC // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N 2. – P.74-87.
e-mail: eldar566@gmail.com, raisamolchanova@yandex.ru, fayrushins@gmail.com, hydrolyalya@mail.ru
Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Keywords: renewable energy, hydropower, hydropower plants, bio-energy, gas turbines, biogas.
Abstract
In this paper evaluates the potential and possibilities for renewable energy sources using relative to the energy of rivers, forest biomass and animal waste in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. This involved a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the potential energy of rivers, forest biomass and animal waste and techno-economic assessment of the prospects for use in the Bashkortostan Republic. To carry out the calculation of all kinds of potential hydropower resources of small and medium-sized rivers should be labor-intensive and long-term studies. Analysis of the fuel component in the cost for wood heat showed that waste wood and forest products in the chips form are the most beneficial use. For different types of livestock shows the distribution of the maximum total potential methane yield.
S.I. Islamova
METHODS OF THERMAL TREATMENT AND RECYCLING OF WASTE WOOD // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N 2. – P.88-97.
e-mail: isvetulia@mail.ru
Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: wood waste, biomass, recycling, thermo chemical conversion, pyrolysis, gasify.
Abstract
In this work advanced methods of thermal treatment and recycling of waste wood on the basis of pyrolysis and gasification are presented. Processes and equipment are described. Actuality application of woody biomass as an alternative fuel to produce final products for energy, chemical and other industries are showed.
Ya.I. Kravtsov*, A.F. Sadykov**, E.A. Marfin*, A.A. Abdrashitov*, S.Ya. Kokhanova***
GENERATORS OF THE HEAT CARRIER WITH THE LIQUID COMBUSTION CHAMBER IN THE HEAVY OIL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N 2. – P.98-111.
e-mail: kravtsov-34@mail.ru, info@tatnii.ru, marfin_ea@mail.ru, abdary@mail.ru, skokhanova@yandex.ru
Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences
Keywords: heat carrier, combustion chamber, liquid fuel, oil production, thermal effect, well, pan
Abstract
The problem of the thermal effects on the oil reservoirs and its type solutions by using the heat transfer generators with the liquid-fuel combustion chambers is considered in this work. It is shown that this approach allows to create the mobile and downhole high performance heat transfer generators, to develop their as the generators of the new types of the working body for thermal, dynamic, physical and chemical effects on the oil reservoir and the oil production processes, to improve the efficiency of the generator to 95-98% and remove the heat losses during transporting of the heat transfer to the reservoir. Preliminary experimental data confirms the possibility of establishing and maintaining the corresponding parameters of the generators based on the liquid-fuel combustors.
А.M. Pavlenko, B.O. Usenko, H.V. Koshlak
ENERGY-RESOURCE SAVING TECHNOLOGIES PRODUCTION OF MASSIVE AMORPHOUS ALLOYS // Transactions of Academenergo. – 2015. – N 2. – P.112-123.
e-mail: am.pavlenko@i.ua, assistant_pntu@ukr.net, annready@yandex.ua
Poltava National Technical Yuri Kondratyuk University (Poltava, Ukraine)
Keywords: resource saving, amorphous structure, casting, cooled form, heat conduction, mathematical model, cooling.
Abstract
In the article presents the results of an experimental study of energy-resource saving technologies of formation of massive amorphous alloys. Considered the methods of mathematical modeling and optimization of process production of massive amorphous structures, which can reduce experimental studies and material resources to create a highly efficient production of amorphous alloys. The results of physical experiments are compared with the results of the calculation. Received results can be used to analyze the physical regularities and justified choice of technological modes of formation of amorphous structures.